Typical early signs are justifications, counterattacks, sweeping generalizations, and a sudden change of topic. Phrases like “That’s not how it happened”, “You only ever see the negative”, or “Then I guess I’ll never do it right” show that your counterpart isn’t staying with the issue anymore—they’ve shifted into self-defence.
Non-verbal signals matter too: longer pauses, audible tension in the voice, withdrawal, a harsh tone, or the abrupt collection of counterexamples. At that point, adding more pressure usually helps very little. If you keep arguing, you often end up reinforcing exactly the dynamic you’re trying to break.
Instead, it helps to slow the conversation down: name the situation calmly, stick to the specific behaviour, and make it clear that the goal is growth and collaboration—not personal criticism.